High School Biology Help » Cell Biology » Cell Structures and Organelles » Common Cell Structures » Understanding the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Golgi Body
Explanation:

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum has a variety of functions. Proteins can be packaged and transported through the cell by the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, as can other cellular components and materials. The membrane around the smooth endoplasmic reticulum can be used to create intracellular vesicles. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is also responsible for using these vesicles to interface with the plasma membrane, synthesizing phospholipids to repair and grow the membrane surface area. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum also contains enzymes responsible for degrading inorganic toxins, such as alcohol and drugs. This organelle is especially prevalent in hepatocytes (liver cells) where the blood if filtered and toxins are removed for degradation.

You are watching: Poison detoxification occurs in which organelle

Protein synthesis requires the action of ribosomes, which can be found in the cytosol or embedded in the membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.


Report an Error

Example Question #2 : Understanding The Endoplasmic Reticulum And Golgi Body


A researcher observes two organelles under the microscope. He notices that organelle A contains more amino acids than organelle B. What might the researcher conclude about the two organelles?


Possible Answers:

Organelle A is smooth endoplasmic reticulum and it contains ribosomes


Organelle B is rough endoplasmic reticulum and it contains ribosomes


Organelle A is rough endoplasmic reticulum and it contains ribosomes


Organelle B is smooth endoplasmic reticulum and it contains ribosomes


Correct answer:

Organelle A is rough endoplasmic reticulum and it contains ribosomes


Explanation:

The question states that organelle A has more amino acids. This means that organelle A has more proteins than organelle B. Remember that rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) is termed ‘rough’ because it contains ribosomes on its surface. These ribosomes give it a rough appearance under the microscope. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis, therefore, rough ER will contain more proteins (and amino acids).

We cannot draw any conclusions about organelle B, since most organelles contain fewer amino acids and proteins than the rough endoplasmic reticulum.


Report an Error

Example Question #1 : Understanding The Endoplasmic Reticulum And Golgi Body


Which organelle is most important for a person who has consumed too much alcohol?


Possible Answers:

Ribosomes


Mitochondria


Rough endoplasmic reticulum


Smooth endoplasmic reticulum


Correct answer:

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum


Explanation:

The question states that the person has consumed too much alcohol, which means that the body must detoxify the chemicals from alcohol. You are therefore looking for the organelle that participates in detoxification of chemicals. In addition to synthesizing lipids, the smooth endoplasmic reticulum plays an important role in detoxification of chemicals. This detoxification process occurs in the liver, which contains an abundance of smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis, and mitochondria are the site of energy (ATP) production.


Report an Error

Example Question #4 : Understanding The Endoplasmic Reticulum And Golgi Body


Steroids are an important component of cell membranes and gonadal hormones. What organelle is most important in the synthesis of steroids?


Possible Answers:

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum


Rough endoplasmic reticulum


Golgi apparatus


Lysosomes


Correct answer:

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum


Explanation:

Steroids are a type of lipid that include cholesterol (needed for cell membranes) and gonadal hormones (estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone). Since they are lipids, steroids are synthesized in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, the site of lipid synthesis.

Remember that smooth endoplasmic reticulum also plays a role in detoxification of harmful chemicals.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is used to produce proteins that will be secreted from the cell, including most peptide hormones. The Golgi apparatus is used to modify these proteins and create vesicles for protein transport. Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that digest cellular wastes.


Report an Error

Example Question #5 : Understanding The Endoplasmic Reticulum And Golgi Body


Bob, a biologist who was researching a new eukaryotic unicellular species, wanted to study a particular protein Y. After obtaining and purifying the sample, Bob discovered that this protein had 3 subunits: A, B, and C. Through substantive scientific analysis, Bob discovered that protein Y operated in a membrane; however, he could not deduce which particular membrane. Nonetheless, Bob found that only subunit B was traversed through the interior of the membrane. With Bob’s findings, please answer the following questions.


Where is this protein synthesized? 


Possible Answers:

Cytoplasm


Rough endoplasmic reticulum


Golgi apparatus


Nucleolus


Smooth endoplasmic reticulum


Correct answer:

Rough endoplasmic reticulum


Explanation:

The only possible answer choices are the Rough ER and Cytoplasm since proteins are synthesized in these two components. Proteins intended to be membranous are synthesized exclusively on the Rough ER. 


Report an Error

Example Question #6 : Understanding The Endoplasmic Reticulum And Golgi Body


Which of the following organelles is responsible for detoxification?


Possible Answers:

Ribosome


Mitochondria


Rough endoplasmic reticulum


Golgi apparatus 


Smooth endoplasmic reticulum


Correct answer:

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum


Explanation:

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum(ER) is responsible for the detoxification of a number of organic chemicals. The smooth ER converts organic substances into water and other soluble products to allow for excretion. Large amounts of smooth ER are found in liver cells, where products of natural metabolism, drugs, and alcohol are detoxified. Fun fact: the smooth ER can double its surface area within a few days then return to its normal size once the assault has subsided. 


Report an Error

Example Question #7 : Understanding The Endoplasmic Reticulum And Golgi Body


Lipid synthesis occurs in which of the following cell organelles?


Possible Answers:

Golgi apparatus


Rough endoplasmic reticulum


Smooth endoplasmic reticulum


Vacuole


Lysosome 


Correct answer:

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum


Explanation:

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is devoted almost exclusively to the manufacture of lipids, and in some cases the metabolism of lipids and their associated products. Smooth ER synthesizes lipids, phospholipids, and steroids. It also carries out the metabolism of carbohydrates and drug detoxification. The smooth ER of the endoplasmic reticulum lacks ribosomes, hence the name smooth ER.


Report an Error

Example Question #8 : Understanding The Endoplasmic Reticulum And Golgi Body


What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?


Possible Answers:

Produce DNA


Produce proteins


Sorts and ships proteins to the correct place


Produce enzymes


Correct answer:

Sorts and ships proteins to the correct place


Explanation:

The Golgi apparatus (body) sorts and ships proteins to the correct place. It does not produce proteins or enzymes, a type of protein. Rough ER and ribosomes produce proteins. The Golgi apparatus does not produce DNA, which is the genetic code produced in the process of replication, and occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.


Report an Error

Example Question #9 : Understanding The Endoplasmic Reticulum And Golgi Body


What is the function of rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?


Possible Answers:

Synthesis of lipids


Conversion of DNA to RNA


Synthesis of proteins


Production of DNA


Correct answer:

Synthesis of proteins


Explanation:

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in the synthesis of proteins. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in the synthesis of lipids. The conversion of DNA to RNA is called transcription but does not involve rough ER. Production of DNA is replication and occurs in the nucleus, as does transcription.


Report an Error

Example Question #10 : Understanding The Endoplasmic Reticulum And Golgi Body


The smooth endoplasmic reticulum"s main function is __________.


Possible Answers:

regulate water intake


synthesize RNA


synthesize lipids and detoxify harmful substances


synthesize proteins


Correct answer:

synthesize lipids and detoxify harmful substances


Explanation:

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) synthesizes lipids and detoxifies harmful substances. RNA synthesis occurs in transcription but does not involve Smooth ER. Proteins are synthesized by Rough ER and ribosomes. Water intake is regulated by vacuoles, which are present in a few animal cell types.

See more: Then You Really Might Know Whats Its Like Lyrics+ Cover Video


Report an Error
← Previous 1 2 Next →
*

View Tutors
Pamela Certified Tutor
USF, Bachelor in Arts, Interdisciplinary Natural Sciences.
*

View Tutors
Megone Certified Tutor
Saint Marys College of California, Bachelor of Science, Biology, General. Old Dominion University, Master of Science, Biology...
*

View Tutors
Sidra Certified Tutor
American University of Beirut, Bachelor of Science, Biology, General.

All High School Biology Resources


10 Diagnostic Tests 247 Practice Tests Question of the Day Flashcards Learn by Concept
Popular Subjects
English Tutors in Denver, ACT Tutors in Phoenix, Reading Tutors in Atlanta, LSAT Tutors in Chicago, Math Tutors in Miami, Chemistry Tutors in Phoenix, GRE Tutors in San Diego, Biology Tutors in Miami, ISEE Tutors in Houston, Algebra Tutors in Phoenix
Popular Courses & Classes
LSAT Courses & Classes in Dallas Fort Worth, GMAT Courses & Classes in Los Angeles, SAT Courses & Classes in Los Angeles, MCAT Courses & Classes in Philadelphia, ACT Courses & Classes in Chicago, ISEE Courses & Classes in Phoenix, GRE Courses & Classes in Houston, Spanish Courses & Classes in San Francisco-Bay Area, LSAT Courses & Classes in Miami, GRE Courses & Classes in San Francisco-Bay Area
Popular Test Prep
LSAT Test Prep in Boston, MCAT Test Prep in Philadelphia, ACT Test Prep in Chicago, GRE Test Prep in San Francisco-Bay Area, MCAT Test Prep in Dallas Fort Worth, ISEE Test Prep in Philadelphia, GRE Test Prep in Houston, LSAT Test Prep in Los Angeles, MCAT Test Prep in Chicago, ISEE Test Prep in Miami
Report an issue with this question

If you"ve found an issue with this question, please let us know. With the help of the community we can continue to improve our educational resources.


Do not fill in this field
* Your Name:
* Issue Description:
DMCA Complaint

Your Infringement Notice may be forwarded to the party that made the content available or to third parties such as ChillingEffects.org.

Please follow these steps to file a notice:

You must include the following:

Send your complaint to our designated agent at:

Charles Cohn Varsity Tutors LLC 101 S. Hanley Rd, Suite 300 St. Louis, MO 63105