Protein synthesis starts in the nucleus with transcription. Transcription is the process where DNA is transcribed into mRNA. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm within ribosomes where mRNA is translated and becomes a protein with the aid of rRNA and also tRNA.
You are watching: Which of the following best describes translation?
Correct answer:
It carries an amino acid to the ribosom in order come be added to the farming polypeptide
Explanation:
tRNA is responsible because that bringing individual amino acids to the ribosomes in order to be incorporated into the protein. It has an anticodon that attaches to a certain codon discovered on the mRNA. Once the tRNA and mRNA are bound, a peptide shortcut if formed in between the amino acid residue indigenous the tRNA and the amino acid chain ~ above the ribosome. This is how amino acids are included to the farming protein.
Explanation:
The little subunit of eukaryotic bio ribosomes is 40S and also the huge subunit is 60S. These integrate to form the ribosome, i beg your pardon is 80S in sedimentary size.
For prokaryotes, the ribosomes subunits room 30S and 50S to type a complete of 70S full unit.
Explanation:
At the beginning of translation, mature mRNA will travel right into the cytosol and also attach come the little ribosomal subunit first. This signal the larger subunit come come and also attach in bespeak to start elongation the the polypeptide.
Note that ribosomes perform not have actually an "active site." active sites are the region of a protein that will certainly bind a substrate and also initiate a catalytic change. Ribosomes room not proteins; they are composed of ribosome RNA (rRNA), and also thus do not have energetic sites.
Explanation:
During translation, the ribosome binding to mRNA and also to the suitable tRNAs. ~ above the ribosome, the mRNA condons are analyzed into the amino acid sequence that a protein through the assist of the tRNA anticodons.
Transcription describes the synthesis of one RNA molecule indigenous a DNA template. Revolution occurs once a bacter is able come absorb and also incorporate genetic material native the extracellular environment. Transfusion is the transfer of blood indigenous a donor to a recipient. Transfection is the infection of bacteria by phage DNA.
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Example inquiry #125 : Dna, Rna, and Proteins
Where is the anticodon located?
Possible Answers:
On the mRNA
On the DNA
On the ribosome
On the tRNA
On the new protein gift made
Correct answer:
On the tRNA
Explanation:
The tRNA carries the amino acid mentioned by the anticodon. The anticodon basic pairs with the codon on the mRNA come ensure the correct amino acid is included to the new protein the is being made. Thus there is a details tRNA because that each codon.
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Example inquiry #126 : Dna, Rna, and also Proteins
What is the ingredient of ribosomes?
Possible Answers:
rRNA only
mRNA only
DNA only
protein only
rRNA and protein
Correct answer:
rRNA and also protein
Explanation:
Ribosomes are made up of rRNA and also proteins. RRNA synthesis, and also ribosome assembly takes place in the nucleolus.
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Example question #127 : Dna, Rna, and Proteins
Which that the following finest represents wherein the triplet anticodon is most generally found?
Possible Answers:
rRNA
DNA
tRNA
mRNA
Correct answer:
tRNA
Explanation:
Transfer RNA—tRNA—is a little folded RNA molecule (i.e. 80-90 nucleotides in length) utilized during translation. Top top the other hand, tRNA serves together a link between the messenger RNA—mRNA—and the growing protein’s amino acid sequence. The tRNA tote an amino acid to the ribosome command by the mRNA’s codon—a three-nucleotide sequence. The tRNA tote an anticodon, i beg your pardon is additionally a three-nucleotide sequence the matches the genetic code, which complements the mRNA. Last, rRNA is connected with the ribosome.
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Example concern #1 : understanding Protein folding
Ribosomes are affiliated in what level of protein folding?
Possible Answers:
Secondary structure
Primary structure
Quaternary structure
Tertiary structure
None the these
Correct answer:
Primary structure
Explanation:
Ribosomes are responsible because that translating mRNA right into protein. TRNA molecules transport amino mountain to the ribosome, where they space joined by peptide bonds to kind a chain. This chain that amino acids is well-known as the protein primary structure.
Secondary structure, tertiary structure, and quaternary structure kind in the cytoplasm or absorbent reticulum ~ the ribosome has actually released the polypeptide.
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Example concern #1 : Protein structure
In i beg your pardon level the protein structure will you discover alpha-helices and beta-sheets?
Possible Answers:
Primary
Tertiary
Secondary
Alpha-helices and also beta-sheets space only discovered in the DNA double-helix
Quaternary
Correct answer:
Secondary
Explanation:
Proteins have four levels that structure. Secondary structure entails the development of alpha-helices and also beta-sheets via hydrogen bonding in between the amino acid backbone in the protein chain.
Primary protein structure simply refers to the direct sequence of amino mountain residues in the polypeptide chain. After ~ initial folding of the backbone in an additional structure, functional groups of the amino acids connect to generate tertiary structure. Tertiary structure includes hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and disulfide bridges. Some proteins then build quaternary structure, when multiple polypeptide chains space joined together subunits to develop a big protein complex.
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